Elżbieta Głowicka

Director

Dr Ela Głowicka is a senior competition economist with experience in economic consulting, enforcement, and academia. She advised clients in private litigation cases concerning damages from cartels, vertical agreements, and abuse of dominance in court proceedings across Austria, Brazil, Finland, Germany, Poland and Slovenia. Furthermore, she testified as a court expert in a private litigation matter related to excessive pricing. She also advised merging parties in merger proceedings in front of the European Commission, the German Federal Cartel Office, the Polish Office for Competition and Consumer Protection, the United Kingdom’s Competition and Markets Authority, and the Slovenian Competition Protection Agency. Additionally, Ela supported a complainant to the European Commission regarding abuse of dominance.

In the area of State aid, Ela has extensive expertise in the ex-post evaluation of the European State aid rules. She co-authored retrospective evaluation studies for State aid for banks in difficulty, the regional State aid framework, the State aid guidelines for railways, and the State aid rules for environmental protection and energy, all published by DG Competition. In this context, Ela set up and managed international teams of consultants and researchers. Moreover, in her doctoral thesis, she evaluated the effects of rescue and restructuring aid on the survival probability of firms in difficulty. While working at the Chief Economist Team of DG Competition, Ela contributed to the staff working paper on the methodology of State aid evaluation.

Ela joined E.CA Economics as a manager in 2013 and since then was promoted to director. Before that, she gained first-hand insight into EU competition policy developments as a member of the Chief Economist Team in DG Competition. She holds a doctoral degree from Humboldt University for the thesis on competition policy applied to bailouts.

For the policy briefing on State aid to rail freight transport Ela received an Antitrust Writing Award 2024 in the category of business articles on cross-border issues.

Ela works in English, German and Polish.

A detailed CV can be downloaded here.

    • PhD (Dr. der Wirtschaftswissenschaften) in Economics, Humboldt University of Berlin, summa cum laude
    • MA in Applied Mathematics, Warsaw University
    • MA in Quantitative Economics, Warsaw School of Economics (SGH)
    • Article
    • State aid
    Market Failures and State Aid in Rail Transport
    Elżbieta Głowicka, Polish quarterly of antitrust and regulation, December 2025

    Rail transport has a number of characteristics that prevent it from operating efficiently through market forces alone. These include: the natural monopoly of rail infrastructure, the external effects of companies’ decisions, public service nature, coordination failure, information asymmetry, and imperfect competition. State aid to railway undertakings can influence economic incentives to enhance market efficiency. The European Commission’s draft guidelines on land and multimodal transport and its block exemptions in the transport sector address this need.

    Link to publication

    • Papers & reports
    European State Aid Law
    Hans W. Friederiszick, Elżbieta Głowicka, Jakub Kałuzny, published by Prof Dr Marc Bungenberg and Helge Heinrich at Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, European State Aid Law, second edition, October 2024

    Link to publication

    • Competition
    • Competition Policy Studies
    • Economics
    • Papers & reports
    Economic trade-offs in rail transport
    • Article
    • Papers & reports
    Digital Empires Reinforced? Generative AI Value Chain
    Elżbieta Głowicka, , Network Law Review, March 2024

    Link to publication

    • Article
    • Papers & reports
    • State aid
    Policy briefing: E.CA supports DG Competition with revision of Railway Guidelines
    • Article
    • Papers & reports
    Impact assessment support study for the review of the Community guidelines on State aid for railway undertakings
    Elżbieta Głowicka, Malte Jeschonneck, Anselm Mattes, Luca Rancati, Francesca Urzi, Margaux Gabriel, Gabriele Dente, Salvatore Nava, Elena Salomone, David Deller, Sean F. Ennis, Bryn Enstone, Ana Alvarez Vidal, Nour el-Houda Bey, Michael Hofmann, Robert Klotz, European Commission, March 2023

    Link to publication

    • Papers & reports
    Support study for the revision of the EU Guidelines on State aid for environmental protection and energy applicable in 2014-2020
    Elżbieta Głowicka, Hans W. Friederiszick, Anselm Mattes, Arvid Viaene and others, DIW Berlin, SheppardMullin, University of East Anglia, European Commission 2021, January 2021

    Link to report

    • Papers & reports
    Retrospective evaluation rules for environmental support study on State aid protection and energy
    Elżbieta Głowicka, Final Report prepared by E.CA Economics, Centre for Competition Policy (University of East Anglia) and Sheppard Mullin Richter & Hampton LLP, European Commission, June 2020

    Link to the report

    Link to the publication

    • Papers & reports
    Retrospective evaluation of the regional State aid framework
    Hans W. Friederiszick, Elżbieta Głowicka, Linda Gratz, and others, Final Report prepared by E.CA Economics, DIW Berlin and Sheppard Mullin Richter & Hampton LLP, European Commission, June 2020

    Link to the report

    Link to the publication

    • Papers & reports
    Ex Post State Aid Evaluation in Environmental Aid
    Hans W. Friederiszick, Elżbieta Głowicka, Linda Gratz, Simone Lünenbürger, Andreas Rosenfeld, European State Aid Law Quarterly 4/2018 (Vol. 17), 509 - 524, October 2018

    Link to publication

    • Papers & reports
    Price Comparison Websites and Selective Distribution Systems: An Effects-Based Approach
    Hans W. Friederiszick, Elżbieta Głowicka, Theon van Dijk, Complaw-blog, December 2017

    The named persons published an article on the CompLaw blog, arguing for an effects-based approach when analyzing restrictions in the use and/or active support of price comparison websites by authorised dealers within a selective distribution system.

    Go to article

    • Cartels and other anti-competitive agreements
    • Papers & reports
    Competition policy in modern retail markets
    Hans W. Friederiszick, Elżbieta Głowicka, Journal of Antitrust Enforcement, Oxford University Press, November 2015

    Hans W. Friederiszick and Ela Glowicka published an article on the Journal of Antitrust Enforcement. The article maps out the alignment of characteristics of products targeted by recent antitrust enforcement in Europe with the likelihood of free-rider effects taking place. Specifically in the case of products with search and experience characteristics, intensive enforcement activity despite prevalent free-riders were found.

    Go to article

     

    • Papers & reports
    Resale Price Maintenance: An overview of EU and national case law
    Hans W. Friederiszick, Elżbieta Głowicka, Bulletin e-Competitions EU Resale Price Maintenance, Art. N° 62050., January 2014
    • Papers & reports
    Swedish Interconnector case: improving electricity cross-border trade
    Elżbieta Głowicka, Philippe Chauve, Martin Godfried, Edouard Leduc and Stefan Siebert, Competition Policy Newsletter, February 2010
    • Papers & reports
    Generic entry in prescription medicines in the EU: Main characteristics, determinants and effects
    Elżbieta Głowicka, V. Verouden, S. Lorincz, E. Pesaresi, Final Report on the pahramaceutical sector inquiry, European Commission staff working document, July 2009
    • Competition
    • Papers & reports
    Fuel for thought – StatoilHydro / ConocoPhillips (JET)
    Elżbieta Głowicka, Jérôme Cloarec, Dag Johansson, Philippe Redondo, Daniel Donath and Cyril Hariton, Competition Policy Newsletter, January 2009
    • Papers & reports
    State aid and competition policy: the case of bailouts in the European Union
    Elżbieta Głowicka, Dissertation, Humboldt University Berlin, January 2008
    • Papers & reports
    Rettung – für kurze Zeit
    Elżbieta Głowicka, WZB Mitteilungen, Heft 118, 32-34, December 2007